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Core Insights - The article discusses the ambitions of Mexico, Malaysia, and India to enhance their semiconductor design and manufacturing capabilities, aiming to reduce reliance on imports and improve their positions in the semiconductor supply chain [2][3][4]. Group 1: Mexico's Semiconductor Ambitions - Mexico plans to establish a semiconductor center that will significantly reduce its annual chip import expenditure by $24 billion [2]. - The country aims to transition from merely assembling chips to designing and manufacturing them, with a target for local companies to produce traditional chips by 2030 [4][5]. - Currently, Mexico has only a few local chip design companies, and it lacks advanced manufacturing facilities, requiring substantial investment and participation from both government and private entities [5][6]. Group 2: Malaysia's Strategy - Malaysia has launched a national semiconductor strategy aiming to attract approximately $116.8 billion in investments by 2030, focusing on building a substantial local industry [3][4]. - The country has signed an agreement to pay $250 million to ARM Holdings for chip design blueprints, intending to create ten local chip companies with potential revenues of up to $2 billion each [4]. - Despite its ambitions, Malaysia faces challenges such as a shortage of skilled engineers, with the demand in the electrical and electronics sector being ten times higher than the annual output of engineering graduates [9]. Group 3: India's Challenges - India has faced difficulties in establishing a comprehensive semiconductor industry despite significant government support and investment commitments, with past initiatives failing to materialize [6][7]. - The only large-scale project currently in preparation is a collaboration between Tata Electronics and Taiwan's PSMC to build a chip manufacturing plant valued at $11 billion, set to begin operations soon [7]. - India also struggles with a shortage of manufacturing and packaging talent, which hampers its ability to develop a self-sufficient semiconductor ecosystem [9]. Group 4: Expert Opinions and Concerns - Experts express skepticism about the feasibility of these countries achieving a complete semiconductor supply chain, citing the complexity of the industry [3]. - The lack of qualified engineers is a significant concern for all three countries, with many companies relying on foreign talent to fill gaps in expertise [8][9]. - The article highlights the need for substantial investments in training and development to build a sustainable semiconductor workforce in these nations [9].