美国国债规模突破37万亿美元，较疫情前的预测提前了数年

Core Viewpoint - The total U.S. national debt has surpassed $37 trillion, highlighting the accelerating growth of the U.S. balance sheet debt and increasing cost pressures on taxpayers [2][3]. Group 1: Debt Growth and Economic Impact - The U.S. Treasury updated the national debt figure to $37 trillion, which was reached earlier than previously predicted by the Congressional Budget Office, which had forecasted this milestone for fiscal year 2030 [3]. - The COVID-19 pandemic led to significant government borrowing under both former Presidents Trump and Biden to stabilize the economy, resulting in a debt growth rate that exceeded expectations [3]. - A Republican tax and spending bill signed by Trump earlier this year is projected to add $4.1 trillion to the national debt over the next decade [3]. Group 2: Consequences of Rising Debt - Michael Peterson, CEO of the Peter G. Peterson Foundation, stated that government borrowing is increasing pressure on interest rates, which burdens the public and suppresses private sector investment [3]. - The Government Accountability Office outlined multiple impacts of rising government debt on the public, including increased borrowing costs for mortgages and auto loans, reduced available investment funds for businesses leading to lower wages, and persistent price increases for goods and services [4]. - Wendy Edelberg from the Brookings Institution indicated that the consequences of the Republican tax law will lead to significant borrowing in fiscal years 2026 and 2027, with this trend expected to continue long-term [4]. Group 3: Speed of Debt Accumulation - The U.S. debt is increasing at an alarming rate, surpassing $1 trillion increments every five months, which is more than double the average growth rate over the past 25 years [5]. - The Joint Economic Committee estimates that at the current daily growth rate, it takes approximately 173 days to add another $1 trillion to the debt [5]. - Maya MacGuineas, chair of the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget, expressed hope that this milestone will prompt policymakers to recognize the urgency of addressing the debt situation [5].