全球芯片竞赛：中国半导体超越韩国

Core Viewpoint - China's dominance in the semiconductor sector is extending into the memory chip domain, where South Korea's Samsung and SK Hynix have traditionally held the lead. Despite U.S. export tariffs, China remains the second-largest player globally in memory technology [3][4]. Group 1: Semiconductor Landscape - A recent report by the Korea Institute of Science and Technology Evaluation and Planning (KISTEP) indicates that China's semiconductor capabilities are increasingly evident in key technology areas, surpassing South Korea in almost all semiconductor technology fields, including memory [3][4]. - The report highlights a significant shift in the global semiconductor landscape, with China now leading in memory chip technology, a domain where South Korean companies have maintained dominance for a generation [3][4]. Group 2: Technological Assessment - China's high-density resistive memory technology scored 94.1%, surpassing South Korea's 90.9%, marking a critical development in a sector where South Korea has historically excelled [5]. - In various semiconductor fields, China has shown notable progress: 88.3% in high-performance low-power AI semiconductors (South Korea: 84.1%), 79.8% in power semiconductors (South Korea: 67.5%), and 83.9% in next-generation high-performance sensing technology (South Korea: 81.3%) [5]. Group 3: Industry Challenges and Opportunities - The report emphasizes concerns regarding geopolitical tensions affecting South Korea's semiconductor industry, including risks of decreased exports due to U.S. export controls and potential withdrawal from the Chinese market [7]. - To maintain its leading position, South Korea must address weaknesses in its foundational capabilities and design technologies, as its economic success heavily relies on its semiconductor market leadership [7]. - Despite facing international restrictions, China's rapid development in the semiconductor sector, particularly in memory technology, indicates the effectiveness of its national strategy aimed at achieving technological self-sufficiency [7].