杰克逊霍尔央行年会，鲍威尔关键发声，为何华尔街一致“示警”

Core Viewpoint - The upcoming Jackson Hole meeting is highly anticipated, with Fed Chair Powell's speech expected to provide significant insights into future monetary policy, especially in the context of current market expectations for easing [1] Group 1: Market Expectations and Economic Context - Market confidence in a September rate cut is seen as overly optimistic, with Barclays analysts suggesting Powell's speech may challenge this view [2] - The economic backdrop is markedly different from a year ago, with current policy rates 100 basis points lower and core PCE inflation expected to rise above 3% [3][4] - Retail sales data shows resilience in consumer spending, and financial conditions are looser compared to last year, indicating weaker support for rate cuts [4][6] Group 2: Inflation and Labor Market Dynamics - Despite slowing job growth, improvements in labor supply have not weakened household income resilience, suggesting Powell has reasons to maintain a hawkish stance [10] - Core inflation remains above 3%, with recent data indicating a rise in core CPI to 3.1%, which may lead to upward pressure on prices as businesses pass on tariff costs [8][9] - There is insufficient evidence to suggest inflation has peaked, with expectations for core PCE to rise further, diverging from the Fed's 2% target [9] Group 3: External Factors and Policy Review - External factors, such as tariffs, are contributing to rising inflation expectations, as consumer confidence surveys indicate increased concerns about price hikes [12] - Political dynamics surrounding the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) raise concerns about the integrity of future economic data, particularly after significant revisions to employment reports [12] - The Fed's ongoing policy framework review may lead to a re-evaluation of its inflation targeting approach, potentially abandoning the flexible average inflation targeting framework [14]