133岁的“柯达胶卷”，要破产了

Core Viewpoint - Eastman Kodak Company, once a leader in the imaging industry, is facing a significant operational crisis due to a $500 million debt due without financing options, leading to a survival warning to investors [5][6][8]. Financial Performance - In Q2, Kodak reported revenues of $263 million, a year-on-year decline of 1%, with gross profit down 12% to $51 million, and a net loss of $26 million compared to a net income of $26 million in the same period last year [8]. - The company has only $155 million in cash and equivalents while facing $500 million in debt maturing within 12 months, raising serious doubts about its ability to continue operations [8]. Debt Crisis - Kodak's current debt crisis is attributed to its long-standing unsuccessful transformation efforts, with a lack of viable financing channels to address the impending debt [9]. - Analysts express pessimism regarding Kodak's ability to refinance or modify its debt, as its credit rating has fallen to junk status, leading to increased financing costs [8][9]. Business Strategy and Transformation - Kodak has struggled with a fluctuating business strategy, attempting to pivot towards specialty chemicals and pharmaceuticals, but lacks experience in generic drug manufacturing [9]. - The company previously attempted to enter the pharmaceutical sector with a $765 million loan from the U.S. government, which was ultimately halted [9]. Historical Context - Kodak's decline can be traced back to its failure to embrace digital technology, despite having developed the first digital camera in 1975, leading to a significant loss of market share to competitors [18][19]. - The company underwent multiple rounds of layoffs and asset sales, culminating in a bankruptcy filing in 2012, with debts of nearly $6.8 billion and assets of only $5.1 billion [19][20]. Current Opportunities - Despite its challenges, Kodak possesses a valuable patent portfolio related to imaging and chemical technologies, which could attract potential buyers [11]. - There has been a slight resurgence in demand for film due to nostalgia, which may provide some financial relief [11].