Cell子刊：对大脑进行精准电刺激，快速持久缓解抑郁症

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a new strategy for deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) that shows promise in treating major depressive disorder (MDD) through a short-duration stimulation that produces long-lasting effects [4][8]. Group 1: Research Findings - The study developed an inhibitory DBS (i-DBS) strategy that requires only about 2 hours of stimulation to rapidly alleviate depressive-like symptoms in mouse models, maintaining effects for several days [4][6]. - The research combined DBS with optogenetics to monitor neuronal activity in the ACC, a critical brain region for depression [4][5]. - Systematic optimization of DBS parameters, including waveform, pulse width, and frequency, allowed the team to reliably inhibit or activate ACC neuronal activity [4][6]. Group 2: Mechanisms and Effects - Optimized DBS parameters can bidirectionally control ACC pyramidal neuron activity [6]. - Inhibiting the ACC produces rapid and sustained antidepressant-like effects, while activating the ACC leads to anhedonia-like behavior [6][8]. - Inhibition of the ACC suppresses activity across the brain's emotional regulation network [6]. Group 3: Implications for Treatment - The research establishes a principled framework for optimizing DBS parameters and suggests that targeting ACC inhibition may be a potential strategy for treating major depressive disorder [8].