研究| 比AI更可怕？科学家用人类细胞造出活体AI

Core Viewpoint - The emergence of Organoid Intelligence (OI) represents a significant breakthrough in computing, potentially addressing the limitations of traditional supercomputers, particularly in terms of heat dissipation and energy consumption [1][3][6]. Group 1: Challenges of Supercomputers - Supercomputers face major issues with heat dissipation and energy consumption, requiring extensive cooling systems that can consume more power than the computers themselves [3][4][6]. - The energy consumption of supercomputers is staggering, with some systems consuming up to 300,000 kilowatts, equivalent to the power usage of 250,000 households [6]. Group 2: Advantages of Organoid Intelligence - Organoid Intelligence, exemplified by the CL1 biochip, integrates 800,000 human brain neurons with silicon circuits, showcasing remarkable efficiency with a power requirement of only 20 watts, compared to supercomputers [8][9]. - The CL1 biochip has demonstrated a 200-fold increase in energy efficiency, completing tasks in significantly less time and with much lower power consumption than traditional methods [11]. Group 3: Training and Learning Mechanisms - Training the CL1 biochip is simpler and more efficient than traditional AI methods, utilizing a reward and punishment system akin to training a dog, allowing it to learn quickly without complex algorithms [13][15]. - The learning process of the biochip mimics biological learning, where neurons adjust their connections based on external stimuli, offering a new approach to AI training [15]. Group 4: Limitations and Future Prospects - A critical limitation of the CL1 biochip is the lifespan of the neurons, which can only survive for up to six months, necessitating the cultivation of new neurons for continued use [16][18]. - Proposals to enable self-replication of neurons through genetic editing present both technical and ethical challenges, raising questions about the implications of creating self-sustaining biological systems [20]. Group 5: Societal Impacts - The potential applications of Organoid Intelligence in healthcare could lead to more precise and efficient medical treatments, significantly improving patient outcomes [28]. - The development of energy-efficient smart devices powered by biochips could enhance user experience by extending battery life and reducing heat generation [29]. - However, the use of human brain neurons in technology raises privacy concerns, as there is a risk of unauthorized access to personal thoughts and memories [30]. Group 6: Employment Implications - The advancement of Organoid Intelligence may lead to the replacement of certain jobs, particularly those involving repetitive tasks and data processing [31]. - Conversely, it could also create new job opportunities in areas such as biochip maintenance, ethical oversight, and the integration of OI into various industries [32]. - The work environment may evolve, with Organoid Intelligence serving as a powerful tool to enhance productivity and collaboration across different fields [33].