中国农业科学院×河南大学合作论文登上Cell封面

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the significance of synonymous mutations, traditionally considered "silent," in influencing phenotypic traits through epitranscriptomic regulation, particularly in cucumber domestication [4][11][13]. Group 1: Research Findings - A study published in the journal Cell demonstrates that synonymous mutations can regulate important traits in cucumber by altering m6A modifications and mRNA structural conformations [4][11]. - The specific synonymous mutation identified is 1287C>T in the ACS2 gene, which affects m6A modification and RNA structure, leading to changes in cucumber fruit length [9][11]. - The research provides a complete molecular evidence chain showing how synonymous mutations can influence complex traits, challenging the traditional view of these mutations as harmless [11][13]. Group 2: Mechanisms and Implications - The study reveals a dual mechanism by which synonymous mutations affect gene expression and protein synthesis efficiency: by disrupting m6A modifications and altering RNA structure [13]. - This research enhances the understanding of the molecular basis of crop domestication and suggests new strategies for crop improvement through precise editing, such as designing synonymous mutations [13][14]. - The findings have broader implications for understanding the relationship between synonymous mutations and diseases or phenotypes in other organisms, including humans [14].