Nature Medicine：我国学者临床试验证实，抗衰老药物+免疫疗法，让癌症治疗更安全有效

Core Insights - The article discusses the advancements in cancer immunotherapy and highlights the challenge of low response rates, with less than 20% of cancer patients achieving durable responses to immunotherapy [2] - It emphasizes the role of immune senescence in tumor microenvironments as a key factor leading to resistance to immunotherapy, suggesting that targeting immune aging could enhance treatment efficacy [3][9] Group 1: Research Findings - A recent study published in Nature Medicine confirmed that immune senescence in the tumor microenvironment is a critical factor for immunotherapy resistance, demonstrating that senolytic drugs combined with anti-PD-1 therapy significantly improved response rates in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients [3][6] - The study involved a Phase 2 clinical trial with 51 patients, revealing that treatment-related adverse reactions were associated with decreased levels of CCR7+ CD4+ naive T cells and CD27+ memory B cells, alongside high expression of immune senescence-related genes [6][7] Group 2: Clinical Trial Results - The first global Phase 2 clinical trial combining senolytic drugs with anti-PD-1 therapy showed a major pathological response rate of 33.3%, including a complete pathological response rate of 16.7%, significantly outperforming historical data for monotherapy [7] - The incidence of grade 3-4 adverse events was low at 4.2%, much lower than the 51% seen with chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy, indicating a favorable safety profile for the combination treatment [7] Group 3: Implications for Future Research - The findings provide valuable insights into the variability of tumor immune microenvironments and highlight the potential of targeting immune senescence to enhance anti-tumor efficacy [9] - The COIS-01 trial opens new avenues for combining immunotherapy with anti-aging strategies in the treatment of solid tumors, suggesting that enhancing immunity while reducing or reversing immune aging is a promising area for further exploration [9]