一文讲清增值税知识要点

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the value-added tax (VAT) system in China, highlighting its significance as the largest tax type affecting various sectors of the national economy and providing insights into tax obligations, rates, and recent policy changes related to personal income tax and housing transactions [5][17][26]. VAT System Overview - VAT is the primary tax type in China, applicable to the sale of goods, processing, repair services, and the sale of services, intangible assets, and real estate [6]. - The tax obligation arises on the day of taxable sales or upon receipt of payment or issuance of an invoice [7]. - Taxpayers must report and pay VAT within specified deadlines, which can vary from daily to quarterly based on the taxpayer's circumstances [8][9]. Tax Rates - The VAT rates are categorized as follows: - 13% for general goods and services - 9% for specific sectors such as transportation, real estate, and agricultural products - 6% for services and intangible assets - 0% for exported goods and certain cross-border services [9]. Tax Calculation - General taxpayers calculate VAT payable as the difference between output tax and input tax, while small-scale taxpayers calculate it based on a fixed rate of their sales [9][10]. Recent Personal Income Tax Policies - From January 1, 2024, to December 31, 2025, taxpayers selling their own homes and purchasing new ones within one year can receive a tax refund on the personal income tax previously paid [17]. - The refund amount is based on the relationship between the sale and purchase prices of the homes [17]. Housing Transaction Tax Policies - Starting December 1, 2024, the contract tax rate for purchasing a primary residence will be reduced to 1% for properties up to 140 square meters and 1.5% for larger properties [20][22]. - For second homes, the rates will be 1% for properties up to 140 square meters and 2% for larger ones [20][23]. - The article also mentions the exemption of VAT for individuals selling homes purchased for over two years, effective from December 1, 2024 [26][27].