上海交大最新Science论文：揭示新型巨噬细胞调控脂肪干细胞命运新机制，带来肥胖干预新策略

Core Viewpoint - The research identifies a specific macrophage subset, septal macrophages (sATM), that plays a crucial role in regulating adipocyte stem cell (ASC) fate and contributes to obesity susceptibility, providing potential new strategies for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases [3][5]. Group 1: Research Findings - The study reveals that the microenvironment of sub-tissue macrophages in adipose tissue serves as a guiding center for ASC fate determination [5]. - Three distinct adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) types are defined in white adipose tissue (WAT): pATM, cATM, and sATM, with sATM characterized by CD209b+ LYVE1+ and specifically located in the lobular septa of WAT [5]. - sATM, which originates from embryonic development and has a long lifespan, is closely associated with CD26+ ASC and guides their differentiation into white adipocytes through TGFβ1 [5][7]. Group 2: Implications for Treatment - The findings highlight the role of a specific anatomical macrophage subset in regulating ASC fate and coordinating adipose tissue expansion, suggesting that targeting the sATM-TGFβ1-ASC signaling axis may help promote beige fat formation and combat obesity and insulin resistance without triggering inflammation [7].