震撼！《Science》揭秘：感知饥饿或成抗衰老关键密码

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses various methods for weight loss, including low-carb diets, intermittent fasting, weight loss surgeries, and medications like semaglutide, highlighting the increasing interest in these approaches for achieving weight loss goals [6]. Research Findings - Recent studies indicate that reducing food intake can positively impact health and aging in both animal models and humans. A new study published in the journal "Science" suggests that the sensation of hunger alone can slow aging, opening new avenues in the field of anti-aging [7][8]. - A study from the University of Michigan published in May 2023 found that inducing a state of hunger in fruit flies, either through dietary restriction or brain stimulation, resulted in increased lifespan. This suggests that hunger triggers epigenetic changes in the brain that regulate gene expression, influencing eating behavior and aging processes [7][8]. - The research distinguishes the effects of dietary restriction from nutritional interventions, indicating that the mere perception of hunger can lead to longevity benefits [8]. Mechanisms of Hunger and Longevity - Further investigations revealed that changes in neuronal activity related to foraging might be key to extending lifespan. For instance, a low branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) diet induced hunger in fruit flies, leading to increased food intake but also significantly extending their lifespan [11]. - The study employed optogenetics to activate neurons controlling hunger, confirming that inducing hunger sensations, regardless of food intake, can enhance lifespan. The findings suggest that epigenetic regulation plays a crucial role in this process, with hunger perception enhancing foraging behavior and potentially lowering the threshold for hunger over time, contributing to aging delay [13].