刷新认知！复旦大学最新《柳叶刀》论文，证实流感疫苗可降低心衰患者死亡风险

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a significant study indicating that influenza vaccination can improve outcomes for patients with acute heart failure, particularly in reducing mortality and readmission rates within a year after hospitalization [3][8]. Group 1: Study Overview - A large-scale, multi-regional, seasonal, hospital-based cluster-randomized controlled trial named PANDA II was conducted in China, involving 7,771 heart failure patients across 164 hospitals from 2021 to 2024 [3][4]. - The study aimed to assess whether influenza vaccination before discharge could enhance survival rates and decrease the likelihood of readmission for acute heart failure patients [3][8]. Group 2: Methodology - Hospitals were randomly assigned to either the intervention group, which provided free influenza vaccinations, or the control group, which followed standard care without vaccination [5][6]. - The vaccination rate in the intervention group was 94.4%, compared to only 0.5% in the control group [5]. Group 3: Results - The composite outcome of all-cause mortality or hospital readmission at 12 months was 41.2% in the vaccination group versus 47.0% in the usual care group, indicating an absolute risk reduction of 5.8% [6][7]. - For secondary outcomes, the all-cause mortality rate at 12 months was 10.0% in the vaccination group compared to 12.8% in the control group, and the readmission rate was 35.4% versus 40.5% [6][7]. Group 4: Implications - The findings suggest that integrating influenza vaccination into the treatment protocol for acute heart failure patients can provide a widely applicable strategy to improve patient outcomes, regardless of healthcare resource availability [8].