动力电池价格回暖！新能源车涨价在即？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the dramatic fluctuations in lithium carbonate prices, highlighting the impact on the electric vehicle industry and the future of lithium extraction methods, particularly the differences between hard rock and salt lake lithium extraction [1][5][90]. Group 1: Price Fluctuations - In 2022, lithium carbonate prices surged to 600,000 yuan per ton, a sixfold increase from 100,000 yuan per ton due to skyrocketing demand and supply shortages [1][3]. - By 2024, lithium carbonate prices plummeted to below 60,000 yuan per ton, even lower than pre-surge levels, leading to negative profit margins for lithium carbonate producers [5][9]. - The price drop was attributed to overproduction as many companies expanded capacity in response to high prices, resulting in a severe oversupply [7][8]. Group 2: Industry Impact - The surge in raw material prices forced electric vehicle manufacturers to raise prices, creating tension between automakers and battery suppliers [3]. - The decline in lithium prices has contributed to continuous price reductions in the electric vehicle market, challenging previous price norms [11]. Group 3: Extraction Methods - Lithium extraction methods are categorized into hard rock and salt lake processes, with significant cost differences; hard rock extraction costs around 70,000-80,000 yuan per ton, while salt lake extraction costs about 30,000-40,000 yuan per ton [20][21]. - The complexity and environmental costs associated with hard rock extraction contribute to its higher production costs, while salt lake extraction benefits from simpler processes and lower waste [48][49]. Group 4: Future Outlook - The article suggests that the future of lithium carbonate pricing may trend downward, with salt lake extraction likely to dominate due to its lower costs and higher resource availability [90][91]. - As domestic companies improve their salt lake extraction technologies, they may expand into international markets, further increasing production and reducing costs [92].