Nature重磅发现：压力太大，血糖升高，增加糖尿病风险

Core Insights - The article discusses a groundbreaking study that links stress-induced responses in the amygdala to increased blood sugar levels and the risk of type 2 diabetes, highlighting a new brain-liver signaling pathway [4][9]. Group 1: Stress and Metabolic Response - The amygdala is crucial for coordinating behavioral adaptations to threats, and its role in metabolic adaptation, such as energy distribution, is being explored [3]. - The study identifies a new amygdala-hypothalamus-liver signaling axis that regulates rapid metabolic adaptations during acute stress, independent of traditional stress systems [6][8]. - Exposure to various acute stressors can lead to a rapid increase in circulating blood sugar levels by approximately 70% [8]. Group 2: Mechanisms of Blood Sugar Regulation - The research shows that activation of the medial amygdala (MeA) leads to increased blood sugar levels and reduced appetite, with the MeA VMH neurons playing a significant role in this process [7][8]. - Activation of the medial amygdala neurons in unstressed mice resulted in a 50% increase in blood sugar, indicating a direct influence on glucose regulation [8]. - Chronic stress disrupts the amygdala-liver circuit, leading to metabolic abnormalities associated with type 2 diabetes, even after stress exposure has ceased [8][9]. Group 3: Implications for Diabetes Management - The findings provide insights into the mechanisms linking stress and blood sugar regulation, which could inform new treatment strategies for reducing diabetes risk and improving blood sugar control in stressed patients [9].