深度专题 | “十五五”：产业破局与重构 ——“十五五”规划研究系列之三

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the importance of industrial structure adjustment in China's 14th and upcoming 15th Five-Year Plans, emphasizing a shift from focusing on the ratio of the three industries to prioritizing technological innovation and R&D investment [3][5][28]. Summary by Sections 1. Importance of Industrial Structure Adjustment - Industrial structure adjustment is a crucial component of China's Five-Year Plans, serving as a key means to achieve core objectives [3][16]. - The 13th and 14th Five-Year Plans have set clear quantitative targets for industrial structure adjustments, focusing on advanced manufacturing and R&D investment [3][5]. 2. Evolution of Industrial Structure Adjustment - The focus of industrial structure adjustment has shifted from the ratio of the three industries to emphasizing technological innovation [5][28]. - The importance of service industry value-added ratios has diminished, while R&D expenditure has become a central indicator [5][28]. - The 14th Five-Year Plan introduced a target for the digital economy's core industries, reflecting a more refined approach to planning [5][28]. 3. Directions for the 15th Five-Year Plan - The primary direction for industrial structure adjustment during the 15th Five-Year Plan is transformation and upgrading, with a focus on technological innovation [7][22]. - Emerging industries such as marine economy, artificial intelligence, and smart vehicles are expected to receive significant attention [7][22]. - The need to address supply-demand mismatches and implement "anti-involution" policies is highlighted as a critical aspect of the upcoming plan [7][8]. 4. Service Industry Focus - The service industry's development is essential for addressing structural unemployment during the transition process and aligns with the requirements of the new era of China's economy [8][47]. - The emphasis has shifted from finance and real estate to information technology, with a growing focus on enhancing the competitiveness of the service sector [6][47]. - The 15th Five-Year Plan is likely to increase the openness of the service industry to stimulate service consumption and trade [8][49]. 5. Manufacturing Sector Changes - The requirements for the manufacturing sector have evolved from focusing on quantity to quality, with an emphasis on high-tech industries [5][30][40]. - The contribution of high-tech industries to economic growth has become increasingly significant, with average growth rates surpassing those of traditional industries [32][44]. 6. Policy Implications - The article outlines that the strategic focus of the Five-Year Plans reflects a broader shift in policy priorities, emphasizing innovation, structural adjustment, and high-quality development [11][13][40]. - The integration of technological advancements into traditional industries is seen as a pathway to enhance competitiveness and sustainability [5][40].