美联储如期下调 25 基点，点阵图预示今年还有两轮降息动作

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve has lowered the federal funds rate target range by 25 basis points to 4.00%-4.25%, aligning with market expectations, indicating a more unified stance within the FOMC than anticipated by Wall Street [1][2]. Group 1: Federal Reserve's Decision - The FOMC's decision was passed with an 11-1 vote, showing strong internal consensus [1]. - The new member, Milan, was the only dissenting vote, advocating for a 50 basis point cut, while other members who were expected to oppose the cut ultimately supported the 25 basis point reduction [1][2]. - The FOMC acknowledged a slowdown in economic activity and a deceleration in job growth, highlighting a conflict between price stability and full employment [2]. Group 2: Economic Outlook - The FOMC emphasized the high uncertainty surrounding the economic outlook and the increased downside risks to employment [2]. - The dot plot indicates that most officials expect two more rate cuts this year, totaling 50 basis points, with one member suggesting an additional 125 basis points [2]. Group 3: Market Reactions - Following the announcement, the bond market experienced volatility, with short-term Treasury yields initially falling but later rising due to cautious remarks from Powell [3]. - The S&P 500 index briefly rose before closing down 0.1%, indicating that the market had already priced in the decision [6]. Group 4: Employment and Inflation Concerns - The U.S. unemployment rate rose to 4.3%, the highest since October 2021, with job growth nearly stagnant this year, raising concerns within the FOMC about worsening employment conditions [3]. - Powell acknowledged that tariffs imposed by Trump could introduce new inflationary pressures, emphasizing the need for a balance between controlling inflation and maintaining employment [7].