PhysicalAgent：迈向通用认知机器人的基础世界模型框架

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the development of a new robotic control framework called PhysicalAgent, which aims to overcome existing limitations in the field of robot manipulation by integrating iterative reasoning, diffusion video generation, and closed-loop execution [2][4]. Group 1: Key Challenges in Robotics - Current mainstream visual-language-action (VLM) models require task-specific fine-tuning, leading to a significant drop in robustness when switching robots or environments [2]. - World model-based methods depend on specially trained predictive models and carefully curated training data, limiting their generalizability [2]. Group 2: Framework Design and Principles - The PhysicalAgent framework separates perception and reasoning from specific robot forms, requiring only lightweight skeletal detection models for different robots, which minimizes computational costs and data requirements [4]. - The framework leverages pre-trained video generation models that understand physical processes and object interactions, allowing for quick integration without local training [4]. - It aligns human-like reasoning by generating visual representations of actions based on textual instructions, facilitating intuitive robot control [4]. Group 3: VLM's Grounding Reasoning Role - The VLM serves as the cognitive core of the framework, enabling grounding through multiple calls to achieve "instruction-environment-execution" rather than a single planning step [6]. - The framework innovatively reconstructs action generation as conditional video synthesis, moving away from traditional direct control strategy learning [6]. Group 4: Execution Process and Adaptation - The robot adaptation layer translates generated action videos into motor commands, which is the only part requiring robot-specific adaptation [6]. - The process includes task decomposition, contextual scene description, execution monitoring, and model independence, allowing for flexibility in model selection [6]. Group 5: Experimental Validation - Experiments validate the framework's cross-form and perception modality generalization, as well as the robustness of iterative execution [8]. - The first experiment demonstrated that the framework significantly outperformed task-specific baselines in success rates across different robotic platforms [12]. - The second experiment confirmed the robustness of the iterative "Perceive→Plan→Reason→Act" pipeline, achieving an 80% success rate across physical robots [13].