NEJM：临床研究证实，阿司匹林可将结直肠癌复发风险降低一半！

Core Viewpoint - Aspirin, originally used as a pain reliever, has shown potential in preventing and treating various diseases, including colorectal cancer, particularly in patients with specific genetic mutations [2][8]. Group 1: Research Findings - A recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine demonstrated that low-dose aspirin can reduce the cancer recurrence risk by approximately 50% in colorectal cancer patients with PIK3CA mutations [2][8]. - The study involved a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with 2980 patients, where 37% were found to have PIK3CA pathway mutations [3][4]. - In the trial, the 3-year cumulative recurrence rates for the aspirin group were 7.7% compared to 14.1% for the placebo group in mutation group A, and 7.7% versus 16.8% in mutation group B [6]. Group 2: Mechanism of Action - The research suggests that aspirin may lower the risk of colorectal cancer recurrence through multiple mechanisms, including reducing inflammation, inhibiting platelet function, and suppressing tumor growth [8]. - Aspirin is highlighted as an easily accessible and low-cost medication, which could significantly impact global colorectal cancer treatment guidelines [8]. Group 3: Related Research - Additional research published in Nature indicates that aspirin may prevent cancer metastasis by enhancing T cell immunity through the inhibition of platelet TXA2 [10]. - This finding opens avenues for future studies to explore the combination of aspirin with other immunotherapies to enhance its anti-metastatic effects [10].