美联储传声筒：鲍威尔称利率“适度限制”， 为未来降息敞开大门

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell's remarks on the current monetary policy stance, indicating that despite recent interest rate cuts, the Fed's position remains "moderately restrictive" and suggests potential for further rate cuts if labor market weakness continues to outweigh inflation concerns [5][6]. Summary by Sections Monetary Policy Outlook - Powell emphasized the challenges the Fed faces in achieving its dual mandate, noting that excessive rate cuts could lead to inflation rates near 3%, above the Fed's 2% target, while maintaining restrictive policies for too long could unnecessarily weaken the labor market [5][6]. - He reiterated that the slowdown in job growth this summer justified the recent policy shift, as new job creation has not kept pace with the number of job seekers [5]. Future Rate Decisions - Powell avoided giving strong hints about the upcoming Fed meeting on October 28-29 but did not dismiss market expectations for another rate cut [6]. - The Fed will review growth, employment, and inflation data to assess whether current policies are appropriately positioned [6]. Tariff Impact and Inflation - Powell noted that tariff increases could lead to one-time price hikes that may take time to manifest throughout the supply chain, emphasizing the Fed's responsibility to manage these inflationary pressures [7]. - A slight majority of Fed officials predict at least two more rate cuts this year, indicating growing concerns about labor market cracks amid a complex economic environment [7]. Political Pressures - Powell faces intense criticism from President Trump and senior officials regarding the Fed's cautious approach to rate cuts, with Trump attempting to dismiss Fed Governor Lisa Cook over alleged financial misstatements [8][9]. - Powell indirectly countered criticisms by highlighting the Fed's actions during the 2008 financial crisis and the 2020 pandemic, asserting that the U.S. economy has performed comparably well to other major developed economies despite these shocks [9].