提升保险市场保障初级产品供给安全的能级｜银行与保险

Core Viewpoint - The insurance market plays a crucial role in ensuring the supply security of primary products, including essential agricultural products, basic energy, and strategic mineral resources, but faces various constraints and challenges that need to be addressed to enhance its effectiveness [3][5][10]. Group 1: Agricultural Insurance - The insurance market has developed a systematic support system for the safety of primary agricultural product supply, but there are still issues and shortcomings that need improvement [4][5]. - In 2022, the introduction of comprehensive cost insurance for major grains expanded coverage to key production factors, benefiting approximately 230 million farmers [6]. - In 2024, the agricultural insurance premium scale reached 152.1 billion yuan, providing risk protection of 5.2 trillion yuan for about 150 million farmers, demonstrating the market's role as a risk buffer [6][7]. Group 2: Basic Energy Insurance - The insurance market has established a comprehensive protection network for basic energy supply, covering coal, natural gas, and oil through product innovation and policy collaboration [8]. - Specialized insurance companies have been created to address safety in coal mining, offering products that cover health risks and accident prevention [8]. - Insurance companies are also investing in high-dividend coal enterprises to stabilize the funding chain of the coal industry, as evidenced by a 32 million HKD investment in China Shenhua [8]. Group 3: Strategic Mineral Resource Insurance - The insurance market has built a comprehensive risk management system for strategic mineral resources, incorporating safety production guarantees and overseas risk hedging [9]. - Innovative practices, such as ecological restoration insurance in Inner Mongolia, have emerged to balance resource development and ecological protection [9]. - China Export & Credit Insurance Corporation is facilitating overseas resource acquisition for enterprises, as seen in the underwriting of a South African energy project involving critical minerals [9]. Group 4: Challenges in Insurance Market - The agricultural insurance market is hindered by insufficient grassroots service networks, with nearly 5% of townships and 46% of administrative villages lacking coverage [11]. - The energy insurance market faces dual bottlenecks, including weak professional service capabilities and insufficient product innovation to meet new risk management needs [13][14]. - The strategic mineral resource insurance market suffers from a lack of specialized talent and inadequate product innovation to address unique risks [15][16]. Group 5: Policy Recommendations - It is recommended to advance five reforms to establish a multi-level agricultural insurance system, enhancing accessibility and precision in service delivery [18]. - Strengthening the policy framework and collaboration among stakeholders is essential to improve the overall effectiveness of the insurance market in supporting primary product supply security [18].