背靠背两篇Nature：利用CRISPR基因编辑，增强CAR-T的癌症治疗效果

Core Insights - CAR-T cell therapy represents a significant breakthrough in cancer treatment, showing potential beyond blood cancers to solid tumors and autoimmune diseases [3][7] - Despite its promise, CAR-T cell therapy faces major challenges, including T cell adaptability, limited proliferation, and immune suppression in the tumor environment [3][8] - Recent studies published in Nature utilized CRISPR technology to enhance CAR-T cell efficacy by identifying and knocking out specific genes [3][10] Group 1: Research Findings - The research from the Austrian Academy of Sciences introduced the CELLFIE platform for CRISPR screening to enhance CAR-T cells across multiple clinical targets [8] - Key findings included the identification of the RHOG gene knockout as a powerful method to enhance CAR-T cell function, outperforming standard CAR-T cells in various models [9] - The study established a foundation for optimizing cell-based immunotherapies through the characterization of CRISPR-enhanced CAR-T cells [9] Group 2: Additional Research Insights - A separate study from Harvard Medical School focused on identifying modifiers of CAR-T cell function in multiple myeloma using in vivo CRISPR screens [10][11] - The research highlighted specific genes, such as RASA2 and SOCS1, that enhance T cell expansion, while CDKN1B was identified as a critical factor limiting CAR-T cell adaptability [11][12] - The findings emphasize the dynamic nature of gene disruption effects on CAR-T cells over time and in different environments, suggesting CDKN1B as a promising target for developing effective CAR-T therapies for multiple myeloma [12]