Nature旗下子刊引爆热议：减肥潮流下，主食迎来新机遇！上海交通大学贾伟平团队重磅发布“肠道菌群联动代谢组”新突破

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a recent study published in Nature Metabolism by a team from Shanghai Jiao Tong University, which demonstrates that resistant starch (RS) can significantly aid overweight or obese individuals in weight loss and improving metabolic health through modulation of gut microbiota and metabolic pathways [6][8]. Group 1: Research Highlights - The study integrates microbiome and metabolomics data to comprehensively assess the impact of resistant starch on gut microbiota structure and human metabolism [6]. - It employs a randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial design, enhancing the reliability of results by minimizing confounding variables [6]. - The research reveals that resistant starch affects bile acid metabolism, reduces inflammation, repairs gut barriers, and inhibits lipid absorption, providing a new theoretical basis for obesity prevention and treatment [6][8]. Group 2: Study Methodology - The study included participants aged 18 to 55 years, classified as overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 24 kg/m²), and excluded those with acute diseases or recent antibiotic use [9]. - A randomized controlled crossover design was used to evaluate the effects of resistant starch on weight control and insulin resistance, combined with metagenomic and metabolomic techniques to analyze gut microbiota changes [10]. Group 3: Key Findings - The intervention with resistant starch resulted in significant weight loss, reduced fat mass, and improved insulin sensitivity among 37 overweight or obese participants over an 8-week period [11]. - Resistant starch increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium, enhancing gut barrier function and reducing inflammation [11][13]. - In animal models, the transplantation of gut microbiota from resistant starch-fed humans led to lower body weight and fat mass, indicating the effectiveness of RS-modulated gut microbiota in weight management [16]. Group 4: Mechanisms of Action - The study found that resistant starch-induced gut microbiota changes lowered systemic inflammation markers and improved gut barrier integrity, which is crucial for managing obesity-related chronic inflammation [18][19]. - The increase in Bifidobacterium adolescentis was closely linked to the alleviation of abdominal obesity, suggesting its potential role in metabolic health [21].