市场观察 | 黄金是否处于高位？—从历史、利率等多维度观察

Core Viewpoint - Recent discussions around gold prices indicate a strong upward trend, with concerns about whether gold has reached a high point. Factors such as the Federal Reserve's interest rate cuts, declining real interest rates, and global central bank purchases of gold support a bullish outlook for gold [3]. Group 1: Historical Valuation and Real Interest Rates - From June 1995 to September 2025, COMEX gold prices have shown an overall upward trend, particularly accelerating after 2020. However, when adjusted for inflation, the real price of gold has not significantly deviated from historical peaks in 1980, 2011, and 2020. This suggests that gold's purchasing power has not fully kept pace with nominal price increases due to inflation [5]. - The current decline in real interest rates, driven by the Federal Reserve's easing policies, supports an upward adjustment in gold's valuation [5]. Group 2: Gold as a Long-Term Asset - Gold is characterized as a "long-term upward-trending asset" when adjusted for inflation. The relationship between gold prices and real interest rates indicates that lower rates enhance gold's attractiveness as an investment [7][9]. Group 3: Currency Dynamics and Gold Prices - The inverse relationship between the US dollar index and gold prices has been noted, with a weakening dollar since 2025 enhancing gold's appeal. For domestic investors, fluctuations in the RMB exchange rate also play a crucial role in gold price movements, particularly during periods of RMB depreciation [10][11]. Group 4: Geopolitical Factors and Central Bank Purchases - Gold serves as a hedge during periods of geopolitical uncertainty, with historical events such as Middle Eastern conflicts and US-China trade tensions driving increased demand for gold as a safe-haven asset. Central banks in emerging markets, including China, India, and Turkey, have been increasing their gold reserves, providing a significant support for gold prices [13][14]. Group 5: Fund Products and Investment Outlook - Various public funds invest in gold-related assets, including spot gold ETFs and funds tracking gold industry stocks. Despite gold prices being near historical highs at approximately $3,800 per ounce, the real price remains elevated compared to the past decade. While short-term risks may exist, the long-term investment rationale for gold remains strong due to declining real interest rates and ongoing demand for safe-haven assets [16].