诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主、克隆之父 John Gurdon 去世

Core Insights - Sir John Gurdon, known as the "father of cloning," passed away on October 7, 2025, at the age of 92 [2] - Gurdon's pioneering research in nuclear transfer addressed fundamental questions in biology regarding the retention or loss of genetic information during development [4] - His work laid the groundwork for significant breakthroughs in biomedical fields, including stem cell biology, mouse genetics, cloning technology, and in vitro fertilization [4] Background and Achievements - Born on October 2, 1933, in Hampshire, England, Gurdon faced academic challenges early in life, particularly in biology, but persevered to earn a PhD from Oxford University in 1957 [8] - He demonstrated that mature cells could be reprogrammed to an embryonic stem cell state, disproving the long-held belief that specialized cells could not revert to an immature state [8] - In 1962, Gurdon successfully replaced the nucleus of a fertilized egg from an African clawed frog with a nucleus from a tadpole's intestinal cell, resulting in a new, fertile frog, proving that mature cells contain complete genetic information necessary for all cell types [8]