谭蔚泓院士连发3篇论文，开发核酸适配体药物，治疗阿尔茨海默病及多种癌症类型

Core Insights - The article discusses the development of nucleic acid aptamer-based therapeutics by a research team led by Academician Tan Weihong from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, focusing on potential treatments for Alzheimer's disease and triple-negative breast cancer [2][9]. Group 1: Alzheimer's Disease Treatment - The research team developed Apt-M, a nucleic acid aptamer-armed monocyte therapy, which targets and clears extracellular Tau protein, alleviating neuroinflammation in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease [4][6]. - Treatment with Apt-M resulted in reduced activation of glial cells, alleviated neuroinflammation, and preserved neuronal and mitochondrial integrity, leading to improved memory and spatial learning abilities in the Alzheimer's mouse model without causing toxicity or behavioral side effects [6][8]. Group 2: Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatment - The team introduced CD4 aptamer-engineered cell platforms (Apt CD4-LNT) that selectively recruit and activate CD4+ T cells, enhancing anti-tumor immunity in triple-negative breast cancer [10][12]. - This approach aims to overcome challenges related to poor tumor infiltration and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments, thereby promoting targeted infiltration and activation of CD4+ T cells, which in turn enhances the activity of NK cells, B cells, and dendritic cells [12][14]. Group 3: Cancer Therapy with Aptamer-Drug Conjugates - The research also presented Sgc8c-M, an aptamer-drug conjugate (ApDC) combining a potent anti-mitotic agent MMAE with the PTK7 nucleic acid aptamer, showing promise in treating cancers that overexpress PTK7 [16][17]. - Comprehensive evaluations from rodents to non-human primates indicated that Sgc8c-M effectively induced sustained tumor regression in xenograft models, outperforming unlinked MMAE, the chemotherapy drug paclitaxel, and a PTK7-targeted antibody-drug conjugate [17][19].