事关芯片，商务部对稀土出手

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the announcement by the Ministry of Commerce regarding the implementation of export controls on certain rare earth items and technologies to safeguard national security and interests [2][9]. Summary by Sections Export Control Measures - Exporters must obtain a dual-use item export license from the Ministry of Commerce before exporting certain items that contain or integrate materials originating from China, with a value proportion of 0.1% or more [3]. - Export applications to military users and those listed on control and watch lists will generally not be approved [3]. - Applications for exports intended for the development of weapons of mass destruction, terrorism, or military enhancement will also be denied [3][4]. Specific Applications - Export applications for research and production of logic chips at 14nm or below, and storage chips with 256 layers or more, will be subject to case-by-case approval [4]. - Humanitarian aid-related exports do not require a license but must be reported to the Ministry of Commerce within 10 working days [4][6]. Compliance and Reporting - Exporters must provide compliance notices to foreign importers and end-users when exporting controlled items [5][6]. - Exporters unsure if their items require a license can consult the Ministry of Commerce [5]. Technology Export Controls - Export of rare earth-related technologies requires a license, including technologies for mining, refining, and recycling [9][10]. - Exporters must submit specific documentation when applying for technology export licenses [11][12]. Legal Obligations - All entities must refrain from providing substantial assistance for overseas rare earth activities without permission, with violations subject to penalties [13]. - The announcement takes effect immediately upon publication, with updates to the dual-use item export control list [13].