知名机器人专家喊话：投人形机器人初创公司的数十亿美元，正在打水漂

Core Viewpoint - Rodney Brooks, a renowned roboticist and co-founder of iRobot, criticizes the approach of teaching robots through human task videos, labeling it as "pure fantasy" due to the complexity of human hand structure and the lack of tactile data technology [2][3]. Group 1: Robotics Technology and Challenges - Brooks highlights that human hands have approximately 17,000 specialized tactile receptors, a level that current robots cannot approach [2]. - He points out that while machine learning has transformed voice recognition and image processing, there is no similar technological accumulation in the field of tactile data [2]. - Full-sized humanoid robots require significant energy to remain upright, and if they fall, the harmful energy produced can be eight times greater if the robot's size is doubled [2]. Group 2: Predictions on Humanoid Robots - Brooks predicts that successful humanoid robots in 15 years will likely have wheels, multiple mechanical arms, and specialized sensors, abandoning the human form altogether [3]. - He believes that the billions of dollars currently invested are merely funding expensive training experiments that will never achieve scalable mass production [3]. Group 3: AI Tools and Efficiency - A study by the nonprofit organization METR found that developers took 19% longer to complete tasks when using AI tools, despite their belief that AI improved their efficiency by 20% [4]. - Brooks has consistently argued that AI is not the existential threat to humanity that some, including Elon Musk, claim it to be [4]. Group 4: Industry Dynamics and Funding - Humanoid robot manufacturer Apptronik has raised nearly $450 million, with Google as an investor, and has partnered with Google DeepMind to combine AI technology with advanced hardware [5]. - Figure, another robotics company, has received over $1 billion in funding and claims a valuation of $39 billion, despite parting ways with OpenAI [5].