四中全会召开前夕，《人民日报》发表八篇“钟才文”署名文章｜宏观经济

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the resilience and potential of the Chinese economy amidst global uncertainties, highlighting its transition towards high-quality development and the opportunities it presents for both domestic and international stakeholders [3][10][21]. Economic Growth and Transformation - Since the 18th National Congress, China's GDP has grown from 54 trillion yuan to nearly 135 trillion yuan from 2012 to 2024, with an average annual growth rate of 6%, nearly double the global average of 3.1% [3][10]. - The contribution of consumption to economic growth is expected to reach around 63% during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, while investment's contribution will drop to below 28% [4]. Innovation and Competitiveness - China has risen from 34th to 10th in the global innovation index from 2012 to 2025, with a 30% increase in patent applications compared to the US and 45% compared to Japan [5][22]. - The number of high-level STEM graduates exceeds 5 million annually, reinforcing the talent pool for innovation and industrial upgrades [22][23]. Regional Development and Poverty Alleviation - Significant progress has been made in regional development strategies, with nearly 100 million rural residents lifted out of poverty, marking a historic achievement in poverty alleviation [5][8]. - The income growth rate for rural residents has consistently outpaced that of urban residents, indicating a shift in consumption dynamics [5]. Green Transition - China's commitment to ecological civilization has led to a significant rise in its energy transition index, moving up 66 places to rank 12th globally [6]. - The country aims for carbon neutrality and has established the world's largest renewable energy system, with substantial investments in green technologies [36]. Open Economy and Global Integration - China has become a major trading partner for over 150 countries, maintaining the world's largest goods trade volume for several consecutive years [7][21]. - The Belt and Road Initiative has emerged as a significant platform for international cooperation, enhancing China's global economic influence [41]. Consumer Market Expansion - By 2025, China's retail sales are projected to exceed 50 trillion yuan, solidifying its position as the world's second-largest consumer market [23][24]. - The online retail sector has maintained its status as the largest globally for 12 consecutive years, indicating robust consumer demand [23]. Infrastructure Development - There remains a substantial demand for traditional and new infrastructure, particularly in underdeveloped regions, which presents long-term economic benefits [24]. - Investments in smart city initiatives and urban renewal projects are expected to create significant opportunities in the construction and technology sectors [24]. Social Welfare and Quality of Life - The average life expectancy in China is projected to reach 79 years by 2024, ranking 4th among 53 middle and high-income countries [8]. - Continuous improvements in social security and healthcare systems are enhancing the overall quality of life for citizens [35].