稀土引发全球芯片供应链震荡

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the escalating trade tensions between China and the U.S., particularly focusing on China's restrictions on rare earth exports and the U.S. imposing additional tariffs and software sales restrictions, which could significantly impact the global semiconductor supply chain [1][2]. Group 1: China's Export Restrictions - China's recent export restrictions on rare earth materials are the most targeted measures to date, aiming at the semiconductor industry, which may hinder the growth of the AI chip sector [1][2]. - The new regulations require foreign companies to obtain approval before shipping any materials containing trace amounts of Chinese rare earth elements, particularly those used in computer chips and military AI applications [2][3]. - Experts indicate that these restrictions could have the most significant impact on chip manufacturers using rare earth chemicals and tool manufacturers integrating rare earth magnets into their devices [3]. Group 2: Impact on Semiconductor Companies - ASML Holding NV, the only company producing advanced semiconductor machinery, may face shipment delays of several weeks due to these restrictions [1][2]. - U.S. chip companies are assessing the potential impacts, with concerns about rising prices of critical rare earth magnets in the supply chain [1][2]. - Major chip manufacturers like Intel, TSMC, and Samsung rely heavily on ASML for semiconductor production, and their operations could be affected by these new regulations [3]. Group 3: Global Reactions and Responses - Germany has expressed concern over China's restrictions and is working with affected companies and the EU to respond effectively [4]. - Taiwan's economy ministry is monitoring the situation to evaluate the impact on its chip industry, which relies on rare earth supplies from Europe, the U.S., and Japan [4].