肠道菌群失衡竟是运动"摆烂"真凶？科学揭秘懒癌背后的代谢密码

Core Insights - The article discusses the relationship between gut microbiota and exercise fatigue, suggesting that imbalances in gut bacteria can affect the metabolism of tryptophan, leading to decreased dopamine levels and reduced motivation for exercise [4][5][6]. Group 1: Understanding Exercise Fatigue - Exercise fatigue is influenced by two main factors: central fatigue (brain's inefficiency) and peripheral fatigue (muscle's energy depletion) [6]. - Central fatigue occurs when the central nervous system is unable to effectively command muscles, leading to a significant drop in endurance [6]. - Peripheral fatigue is caused by various factors, including energy depletion, low dopamine levels, ammonia interference, hormonal imbalances, metabolic waste accumulation, and muscle fiber damage [6][9]. Group 2: Tryptophan-Kynurenine Pathway - Tryptophan, an essential amino acid, plays a crucial role in regulating central fatigue through its metabolism, primarily via the kynurenine pathway [9][11]. - This pathway can lead to two outcomes: the production of kynurenic acid (which helps alleviate fatigue) and neurotoxic compounds that may exacerbate fatigue [9][11]. Group 3: Role of Gut Microbiota - Gut microbiota can influence tryptophan metabolism, thereby improving neurotransmitter synthesis, reducing lactic acid accumulation, and alleviating central fatigue [9][12]. - Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), produced by gut bacteria from dietary fibers, serve as an energy source for muscles and help clear lactic acid, enhancing recovery from exercise [12]. Group 4: Probiotics as a Solution - Probiotics are highlighted as effective in optimizing tryptophan metabolism, promoting the synthesis of neurotransmitters, and reducing lactic acid buildup [13][14]. - Specific probiotic strains have been identified for their unique benefits, such as enhancing endurance and reducing oxidative stress [20]. Group 5: Practical Recommendations - To support gut health and enhance exercise performance, it is recommended to consume whole grains, fresh vegetables, and legumes, which are rich in dietary fibers that promote SCFA production [12]. - The article emphasizes the importance of maintaining a healthy gut microbiome to improve overall physical performance and recovery [17].