读研报 | 关税摩擦再升级，这次为啥市场更淡定？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent escalation of trade tensions between the U.S. and China, particularly the announcement of a 100% tariff on Chinese goods starting November 1, and contrasts the market's reaction to this news with previous instances of trade disputes, highlighting a more measured response this time around [2][3]. Group 1: Market Reaction - The market's reaction to the recent tariff announcement was less severe compared to earlier instances, with the Nasdaq index dropping 3.56% on October 10, which is smaller than the declines observed in April [2]. - The Nasdaq China Golden Dragon Index and the Wind China Concept Technology Leaders Index fell by 6.10% and 6.59%, respectively, both of which were also less than the declines seen in April [2]. - The VIX fear index rose to 21.66 but remained significantly lower than the peak of 60.13 observed in April [2]. Group 2: Investor Sentiment - Investors now have more experience and memory regarding trade tensions, leading to a calmer market response; the probability of the 100% tariff being implemented is perceived to be only 23%, compared to less than 15% in April for a potential reduction in tariffs [3]. - The market's perception of the likelihood of President Trump backing down from the tariff threat has increased, as indicated by betting markets [3]. Group 3: Market Stability Expectations - There is a stronger expectation for market stability now compared to April, with ongoing emphasis from policymakers on maintaining a stable capital market [5]. - The China Securities Regulatory Commission noted a decrease in annualized volatility of the Shanghai Composite Index during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, indicating improved market health [5]. - Institutional investors have increased their holdings in stock ETFs, with their share rising from 33.0% at the end of 2024 to 37.2% in the first half of 2025, contributing to market stability [5]. Group 4: Valuation and Sensitivity - The current market valuation differs from April, with 18% of stocks exceeding the 95% historical percentile, indicating a higher concentration of high-value stocks [6]. - Margin balances have been rising since June, reaching annual highs, which may increase sensitivity to negative shocks in the market [6][7]. - The S&P 500 index's forecasted price-to-earnings ratio is above the 96th percentile since the end of 1999, suggesting elevated valuation levels [6].