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Core Viewpoint - The effectiveness of semaglutide and other GLP-1 drugs for weight loss varies among individuals, largely influenced by genetic factors [4][6]. Group 1: Genetic Factors and Weight Loss - A study presented at the 2024 Digestive Disease Week investigated 84 individuals with obesity or weight management issues, focusing on how genetic factors affect the efficacy of weight loss medications [6]. - Researchers developed a machine learning genetic risk score to predict genetic phenotypes, identifying "hunger gut positive" individuals who experience faster gastric emptying and earlier feelings of hunger [6]. - Those classified as "hunger gut positive" lost 14% of their body weight after 9 months on the same dose of semaglutide, compared to a 10% loss in "hunger gut negative" individuals. After 12 months, the weight loss for "hunger gut positive" individuals reached 19%, while "hunger gut negative" individuals remained around 10% [6]. Group 2: Lifestyle and Weight Management - Patients responding to semaglutide should not expect to lose weight without maintaining a healthy diet and regular exercise [7]. - Exercise is emphasized as a crucial component of a healthy lifestyle, aiding in calorie burning, metabolism, and overall health [9]. - A comprehensive approach includes at least 150 minutes of aerobic exercise weekly and strength training at least twice a week to enhance cardiovascular health and improve insulin sensitivity [9]. Group 3: Weight Regain After Stopping Medication - Research indicates that semaglutide effectively aids in weight loss, but like other chronic conditions, weight regain is common after discontinuation of treatment [10]. - Individuals who engaged in exercise while using GLP-1 medications showed less tendency to regain weight after stopping the medication [12]. - Maintaining an active lifestyle and healthy eating habits is essential for sustaining weight loss results [12]. Group 4: Broader Applications of Semaglutide - Semaglutide and other GLP-1 drugs have been shown to effectively regulate blood sugar and promote weight loss, with ongoing research exploring their potential in treating various other conditions, including alcohol use disorder, polycystic ovary syndrome, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, heart disease, obstructive sleep apnea, and chronic kidney disease [13]. - Notably, a study indicated that semaglutide could significantly reduce the severity of obstructive sleep apnea in obese adults [14].