中美谁治谁？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the evolving dynamics of Sino-U.S. economic relations, highlighting a shift from patience and restraint to a more assertive stance from China, particularly in response to U.S. trade policies and sanctions [2][12]. Historical Context - The U.S. has historically held a dominant position in global trade, establishing frameworks like the GATT and WTO, but has recently deviated from these rules, imposing tariffs and sanctions unilaterally [5][6]. - The U.S. employs various measures such as long-arm jurisdiction and economic sanctions to exert control over perceived threats [6][7]. Background of Countermeasures - The trade tensions escalated with the initiation of a tariff war by the U.S. in April 2018, leading to a complex interplay of cooperation and conflict in various sectors [8][9]. - Despite ongoing negotiations, the U.S. continues to impose new restrictions, complicating the dialogue and leading to a cycle of retaliatory measures from China [9][11]. Content of Countermeasures - China has announced significant countermeasures, including: 1. Export controls on certain rare earth materials effective December 1 [13]. 2. Export controls on high-performance lithium batteries and related materials starting November 8 [13]. 3. Imposition of special port fees on U.S. vessels effective October 14 [14]. - The measures reflect a direct response to U.S. tariffs and are aimed at asserting China's position in critical supply chains, particularly in semiconductors and battery production [15][16]. Next Steps in Countermeasures - The U.S. has reacted to China's export controls with threats of increased tariffs and restrictions on software exports, indicating a potential escalation in trade tensions [18][19]. - Both nations are engaged in ongoing discussions to mitigate the situation, with a focus on avoiding further deterioration of economic relations [19][20]. Underlying Strength of Countermeasures - China's countermeasures are backed by its substantial industrial capabilities and strategic resources, positioning it to effectively respond to U.S. pressures [21][22]. - The interdependence of the two economies suggests that a complete decoupling is unlikely, as both sides would incur significant costs [22][23]. Long-term Perspective - The article emphasizes that while immediate tensions may arise, the long-term relationship between the U.S. and China will likely remain intertwined due to mutual economic interests [29][30]. - China's approach is framed as one of rational counteraction rather than aggressive retaliation, aiming to maintain stability in global supply chains [30][31].