量子位·2025-10-22 15:27Core Viewpoint - Google's quantum team, recently awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics, has introduced a new algorithm called "Quantum Echoes," which allows for repeatable verification of quantum computing results, addressing previous challenges in confirming quantum outcomes [1][4]. Group 1: Quantum Computing Advancements - The new algorithm enables quantum computers to perform calculations that would take traditional supercomputers 3.2 years in just 2.1 hours, achieving a speed increase of 13,000 times [2][17]. - The research involved over 200 authors, including notable scientists from Princeton University, UC Berkeley, and MIT, highlighting the collaborative effort in advancing quantum computing [4]. Group 2: Algorithm Functionality and Applications - The "Quantum Echoes" algorithm utilizes a method called "non-temporal correlation function" (OTOC), which enhances the ability to observe quantum systems over extended periods compared to traditional methods [12][14]. - OTOC has demonstrated the capability to reveal phenomena that classical computers cannot simulate, such as "large-loop interference," which classical simulations struggle to replicate [16][17]. - The algorithm has practical applications in determining unknown parameters of quantum systems, showcasing its utility in real-world scenarios like analyzing quantum materials [21][23]. Group 3: Hardware and Future Directions - The breakthrough relies on the Willow chip's hardware advantages, which has shown low error rates and high-speed operations, essential for the algorithm's performance [23]. - The current generation of the Willow chip achieves a fidelity of 99.97% for single-qubit gates and 99.88% for entangling gates, indicating significant advancements in quantum hardware [23]. - Looking ahead, the Google quantum team plans to focus on developing "long-lived logical qubits" to lay the groundwork for larger-scale, error-corrected practical quantum computers [26].