收到或支付违约金，企业所得税如何处理？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the treatment of penalty income and expenses related to business operations under the Corporate Income Tax Law of the People's Republic of China, emphasizing the classification of penalty income as "other income" and the deductibility of related penalty expenses for tax purposes [5][11][12]. Group 1: Penalty Income - Penalty income received by a company is classified as "other income" and is subject to corporate income tax [5][12]. - The Corporate Income Tax Law specifies that various forms of income, including penalty income, must be included in the total income for tax calculations [4][5]. Group 2: Penalty Expenses - Penalties paid by a company related to business operations can be deducted from taxable income if they are supported by valid documentation [9][12]. - The Corporate Income Tax Law allows for the deduction of reasonable expenses that are directly related to income generation, including penalties [11][12].