中国跨境并购路径与国际经验借鉴研究｜资本市场

Core Viewpoint - The article outlines the evolution of international mergers and acquisitions (M&A) by Chinese enterprises, transitioning from resource acquisition to a diversified focus on technology, market access, and value creation, while analyzing industry distribution changes and key driving factors [3]. Definition and Mechanism of M&A - M&A serves as a crucial tool for enterprises to achieve market expansion, resource optimization, technology acquisition, and competitive landscape adjustment through asset acquisition, equity transactions, or business collaboration [5]. - M&A can be categorized into three types based on industry relevance: horizontal mergers for market share expansion, vertical mergers for supply chain control, and conglomerate mergers for risk diversification and new market exploration [5]. Current Status of China's M&A Market - The M&A landscape in China has evolved significantly, with early focus on resource-based acquisitions shifting towards technology-intensive industries as domestic manufacturing pressures increased [10][11]. Development History of International M&A by Chinese Enterprises - The history of international M&A by Chinese enterprises reflects the interaction between economic transformation and global strategic layout, starting from resource-driven acquisitions in the late 1990s to a broader focus on technology and brand integration post-WTO accession in 2001 [8][9]. Industry Distribution of International M&A - The industry distribution of international M&A by Chinese enterprises has changed in alignment with domestic industrial upgrades and global value chain restructuring, with early acquisitions focused on energy and minerals, later shifting to technology-intensive sectors like automotive and machinery [10]. Main Driving Factors and Significance of International M&A - The driving factors for international M&A by Chinese enterprises include national strategic guidance, corporate capability enhancement, and global market dynamics, with policies evolving from the "going out" strategy to the recent "merger six articles" and "new national nine articles" [12][13]. - M&A is essential for industrial structure upgrading and fostering emerging industries, as well as for enhancing the competitiveness of listed companies through asset injection and business synergy [13].