3种常见投资大PK，谁是你的最优选？

Core Viewpoint - The ultimate goal of investment and financial management is to make money, but many ordinary individuals are concerned about the potential loss of principal [4]. Group 1: Types of Investments - The article categorizes investments into three types based on the safety of principal: very safe, likely safe, and likely unsafe [6][7]. Category 1: Very Safe Principal - Suitable for individuals who can accept returns that may not outpace inflation and prioritize extreme safety [9]. - Savings: Keeping money in the bank, which is becoming less popular due to declining interest rates [11]. - Government Bonds: Lending money to the government with the expectation of receiving principal and interest at maturity, with returns similar to bank savings [12]. Category 2: Likely Safe Principal - This category introduces some volatility to investments [13]. - Money Market Funds: A convenient tool for managing idle cash, primarily investing in government bonds and short-term financial instruments, with low risk [16]. - Low-Risk Bank Wealth Management: Banks invest in stable assets like bonds and deposits, generally offering higher returns than the previous categories [19]. - Bond Funds: These funds invest in various bonds, with risks primarily associated with credit bonds, which can lead to potential losses if the fund manager makes poor investment choices [25][28]. Category 3: Likely Unsafe Principal - This category involves a significant risk of principal loss [31]. - Stocks and Stock Funds: These assets shift the focus from bonds to stocks, resulting in fundamentally different risk profiles, with stock fund volatility potentially reaching 20% or more [33][34]. - Fixed Income Plus Funds: These funds typically allocate around 80% to bonds for stable returns while using 20% for higher-risk investments, providing a balance between risk and return [36]. Group 2: Performance Insights - During the significant market adjustments in 2022, equity funds averaged a decline of over 20%, while high-quality fixed income plus products maintained maximum drawdowns generally within 5% [39]. - Long-term, stable fixed income plus funds typically yield annual returns in the range of 3%-6%, effectively achieving lower losses during downturns while keeping pace during upswings [40]. Group 3: Summary Recommendations - For extremely conservative investors, options include bank savings and government bonds [42]. - For those willing to accept slight risks, money market funds, bank wealth management, and bond funds are recommended, with expected returns in the order of money market funds < bank wealth management = bond funds [42]. - For investors who can tolerate significant risks, stocks and stock funds are suitable [42]. - For those seeking stability without settling for low returns, fixed income plus funds are advised [42].