如何解读10月通胀数据︱重阳问答

Core Insights - The October CPI shows a year-on-year increase of 0.2%, marking a return to positive growth since July, while the core CPI, excluding food and energy, rose by 1.2%, improving for six consecutive months [2] - The PPI decreased by 2.1% year-on-year but increased by 0.1% month-on-month, marking the first month-on-month increase this year [2] CPI Analysis - The recovery in CPI is attributed to base effects, holiday consumption, and rising gold prices, with food and energy prices showing a narrowing year-on-year decline due to last year's low base [2] - Pork prices remain low at -16% year-on-year, while service prices increased from 0.6% to 0.8% year-on-year, driven by strong travel demand during the National Day and Mid-Autumn Festival [2] - Travel service prices and gold price increases contributed 0.13% and 0.1% to the core CPI's growth, respectively [2] PPI Analysis - The improvement in PPI is primarily driven by non-ferrous metals, with copper prices rising by 7% month-on-month, leading to significant increases in related prices [3] - The coal price has improved due to anti-involution policies, but steel prices have not followed suit due to low capacity utilization in downstream industries [3] - The main reason for the weak PPI this year is not an imbalance in supply and demand but rather low capacity utilization in downstream sectors [3] Outlook - Inflation is expected to continue a moderate recovery, influenced by last year's low CPI base, but overall improvement may be limited due to potential adjustments in service prices post-holidays and the tapering of old-for-new policies [3] - The PPI outlook remains uncertain due to high bases and global commodity price fluctuations, with ongoing improvements in capacity utilization expected to be gradual [3] - Significant improvements in inflation data will require a restoration of endogenous economic growth momentum and the gradual implementation of anti-involution and growth-stabilizing policies [3]