通用要求供应商“去中国化”

Core Viewpoint - General Motors (GM) is instructing thousands of suppliers to eliminate reliance on the Chinese supply chain by 2027, aiming to enhance supply chain resilience and reduce dependency on China for critical components [4][5][16]. Group 1: General Motors' Strategy - GM has been working on increasing supply chain resilience for years, focusing on local sourcing of components [5]. - The company has initiated efforts to secure domestic semiconductor supply chains, evidenced by a long-term agreement with GlobalFoundries to reserve capacity for critical chips [10]. - GM is investing in local resources for battery raw materials, including a nearly $950 million joint venture with Lithium Americas to develop a lithium mine in Nevada [11][13]. - The company is also establishing partnerships for cobalt and nickel supplies, aiming to build a reliable supply chain within North America and allied nations [11][13]. - GM's strategy includes reducing reliance on Chinese processed materials, particularly in rare earth elements, which are crucial for electric vehicles [13][14]. Group 2: Ford's Position - Ford's electric vehicle battery technology heavily relies on Chinese suppliers, including a partnership with CATL for LFP battery technology in Michigan [18][19]. - Regulatory scrutiny has arisen regarding Ford's collaboration with CATL, prompting the company to seek additional partnerships with North American lithium suppliers [24][25]. - Ford's sales in China have decreased, with 2024 projections showing a drop to 440,000 units, while still achieving $600 million in profit due to exports [36][37]. Group 3: Market Dynamics and Trends - Both GM and Ford have not increased investments in China like their Japanese and German counterparts, with GM's market share in China declining from 12-13% pre-pandemic to 8-9% in 2023 [30][32]. - The ongoing U.S.-China trade tensions are reshaping the automotive supply chain, pushing companies to localize production while still relying on Chinese components due to cost advantages [41][44]. - The evolving international landscape will have significant implications for global automotive supply chains and corporate strategies in the coming years [44].