程序员的那些事·2025-11-17 08:36Core Viewpoint - The GAIN AI Act aims to prioritize domestic chip supply for U.S. companies while restricting advanced AI chip exports to "concerned countries" like China, creating a dual rule for chip manufacturers [4][6]. Group 1: Legislative Details - The GAIN AI Act includes specific performance metrics for "advanced chips," which will be subject to export restrictions [6]. - A "benefit clause" allows tech companies to export chips to regions like the Middle East without needing government export licenses, facilitating international business [6]. - The act has been incorporated as an amendment into the U.S. National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026 and has passed the Senate, awaiting final approval from the House and the President [6]. Group 2: Industry Reactions - Major companies like Microsoft and AWS support the act to secure priority access to scarce chips, which is crucial for AI model training and data center development [8][9]. - Nvidia opposes the act as it threatens its significant market share, especially in the lucrative Chinese market, where it holds 80% of the AI chip market [9]. - Nvidia's CEO has actively lobbied against the act, spending nearly $3.5 million in the first three quarters of 2025, more than five times last year's total [9].