【有本好书送给你】大崩溃：贪婪、丑闻与瑞士信贷银行的倒闭

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the collapse of Credit Suisse, highlighting systemic issues within the banking industry, including greed, corruption, and inadequate risk management, which ultimately led to its downfall [9][11][24]. Group 1: Financial Scandals and Risks - In October 2025, Zion Bank and Western Alliance Bank disclosed fraud cases involving over $160 million due to credit risk management failures, resulting in significant stock price drops and a loss of over $100 billion in market value for 74 major U.S. banks [10]. - The article emphasizes that individual corruption and fraud reflect systemic failures, as seen in the case of Credit Suisse, which was once considered "too big to fail" [11][12]. - Credit Suisse's internal culture of greed and corruption, including money laundering for dictators and fraudulent activities against clients, contributed to its eventual collapse [12][24]. Group 2: Historical Context and Evolution - Switzerland's banking secrecy laws, established in the 1930s, initially protected the banking industry but later facilitated unethical practices, leading to a culture of impunity [15][16]. - The bank's expansion strategy in the late 20th century, including the merger with First Boston, created internal conflicts and risk management issues that foreshadowed future crises [17][18]. - The aggressive risk-taking culture under various leaderships, particularly during the 1990s, led to significant losses and regulatory scrutiny, culminating in a series of crises [19][20]. Group 3: The Final Crisis and Collapse - The "Twitter incident" in October 2022 triggered a digital bank run, resulting in a rapid outflow of funds and a significant drop in stock prices, marking a new era of banking vulnerability [21][22]. - Credit Suisse's management was unprepared for the crisis, leading to ineffective responses and a loss of market confidence, ultimately resulting in a government-backed acquisition by UBS [23][24]. - The article concludes that the collapse of Credit Suisse was not sudden but rather the result of decades of mismanagement, scandals, and a failure to establish a sustainable business model [24][30].