美国拟限制中国芯片设备进口

Core Viewpoint - A bipartisan bill has been introduced in the U.S. House to prevent recipients of the CHIPS Act funding from purchasing Chinese chipmaking equipment for 10 years, aiming to protect U.S. chip manufacturing interests [1][4]. Group 1: Legislative Details - The bill targets a variety of chipmaking tools, including complex lithography equipment from ASML and machines for slicing silicon wafers [1][3]. - It was introduced by Republican Jay Obernolte and Democrat Zoe Lofgren in the House, with plans for a Senate introduction by Democrat Mark Kelly and Republican Marsha Blackburn in December [4][6]. - The CHIPS Act, passed in 2022, allocated $39 billion to enhance U.S. chip manufacturing and support new factory construction and existing facility expansion [4][5]. Group 2: Market Context - China has invested over $40 billion in its chip industry, particularly in manufacturing equipment, leading to a significant increase in market share for such equipment [5][6]. - U.S. chip equipment manufacturers, including Applied Materials, Lam Research, and KLA, are concerned that export restrictions to China will negatively impact their sales and R&D capabilities [6][7]. Group 3: Exceptions and Scope - While the primary focus is on Chinese equipment, the bill also restricts tools from other nations of concern, with certain exceptions allowing waivers for tools not produced in the U.S. or allied countries [2][7]. - The legislation will only block imports to the U.S. and will not affect the overseas operations of CHIPS Act grant recipients [2][7].