AI时代，到底会有什么新职业？

Group 1 - The overall impact of AI on employment is characterized by four intertwined effects: enhancement, substitution, supplementation, and creation [3][4] - AI enhancement leads to widespread efficiency improvements, with a potential 15% increase in labor productivity in developed markets, while 25% of global jobs face risks from GenAI, with high-income countries seeing a 34% risk [3][4] - The substitution effect of AI is currently faster than the creation of new jobs, but this does not equate to mass unemployment, as companies are adopting strategies like hiring freezes and role transitions instead of large-scale layoffs [5][6] Group 2 - AI is expected to supplement labor in high-demand, high-risk jobs, addressing structural labor shortages, particularly in sectors facing challenges from an aging population [5][6] - The creation of entirely new job types is lagging, with existing roles increasingly requiring AI skills; positions demanding AI tool proficiency have grown by 68% year-on-year [6][20] - New job categories in the AI ecosystem can be classified into five core types: Enablers, Collaborators, Governors, Promoters, and Supporters, reflecting different value creation roles within the AI landscape [8][10][15] Group 3 - The emergence of new job characteristics includes deep specialization, cross-disciplinary integration, human-machine collaboration, and dynamic evolution of roles, indicating a shift in job nature and requirements [20][22][23] - AI-native jobs are expected to emerge primarily from technology companies, with a significant increase in AI-related job postings projected for 2025 [25] - The service industry is anticipated to be the main area for employment growth, driven by AI's integration into service roles and the increasing demand for jobs in elder care and community services [26][27] Group 4 - The shift towards flexible employment models is accelerated by AI, with a rise in gig work and one-person enterprises, as traditional job structures evolve into task-based systems [27][29] - Companies are encouraged to adopt people-centric AI transformation strategies, ensuring employee rights and providing retraining opportunities to adapt to AI integration [30] - A collaborative approach among government, enterprises, and workers is essential to create an employment-friendly environment, including support for AI innovation and adjustments to social security systems [31][32]