“十五五”扩内需，如何部署？——政策周观察第57期

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of expanding domestic demand as a strategic foundation during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, focusing on boosting consumer spending and effective investment to counter external uncertainties and enhance economic growth [2][13]. Summary by Sections 1. Boosting Consumer Spending - Current Situation: China's consumer spending rate lags behind developed countries by 10-30 percentage points, particularly in service consumption [2]. - Short-term Measures: Focus on optimizing supply, innovating consumption scenarios, and removing unreasonable restrictions in the consumption sector [2]. - Long-term Goals: Enhance residents' income and consumption capacity, ensuring that income growth aligns with economic growth and labor productivity [2][13]. 2. Expanding Effective Investment - Infrastructure Investment: Maintain a moderate growth in infrastructure investment while avoiding excessive expansion [3]. - Investment Focus: Target major projects in urban renewal, strategic transportation corridors, new energy systems, and significant water conservancy projects, as well as investments in consumer-related sectors [3][13]. - Support Measures: Reform the investment and financing system, utilize new policy financial tools, and improve the pricing mechanisms in transportation and energy sectors to enhance investment returns [3][13]. 3. Recent Policy Developments - Consumption Policy: The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology released a plan to enhance the adaptability of supply and demand in consumer goods, aiming to establish three trillion-level consumption sectors and ten hundred-billion-level consumption hotspots by 2027 [4][11]. - Industry Meetings: The People's Bank of China held a meeting to combat speculative trading in virtual currencies, and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology discussed regulations in the battery industry [4][11]. 4. National Development Goals - The article outlines the goal of achieving a high-quality development pattern where supply and consumption interact positively by 2030, with a gradual increase in consumption's contribution to economic growth [11][12]. - Specific sectors identified for growth include elderly products, smart connected vehicles, and consumer electronics, with a focus on addressing the needs of an aging population [12][13].