当有色金属成年度冠军，黄金为何陷入多空激辩？

Core Viewpoint - The non-ferrous metal sector has shown strong performance throughout 2025, with an annual increase of approximately 70%, ranking first among all industries, even surpassing the strong performance of the AI-driven optical module sector [2] Group 1: Market Dynamics - The rise of the non-ferrous metal sector, including precious, industrial, and rare metals, is largely attributed to the market's expectations of interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve, which have led to a weaker dollar and a new round of price increases for non-ferrous metals [3] - The anticipated resignation of Jerome Powell could signal a more dovish policy stance from the Federal Reserve post-2026, providing direct stimulus to the non-ferrous metal sector, especially precious metals [3] - The current market conditions are characterized by a "perfect storm" for non-ferrous metals, driven by financial benefits from interest rate cuts, global re-inflation, and moderate recovery expectations, which support demand for industrial metals like copper and aluminum [3] Group 2: Supply Constraints - Supply-side constraints are a core feature of the current market, with global copper mines facing production disruptions and limited new projects, while domestic aluminum production is restricted by strict "dual carbon" policies, creating a clear ceiling on supply [3] - The price elasticity of copper and aluminum in response to demand recovery is significantly heightened due to these supply constraints [3] Group 3: Growth Drivers - The ongoing energy transition and AI revolution are injecting growth potential into the non-ferrous metal sector, with significant demand for metals like copper, aluminum, silver, and lithium due to electric vehicles, photovoltaic and wind power, and grid upgrades [4] - Copper prices have surged over 20% this year, reaching a historical high of $11,294 per ton, with predictions suggesting it could reach $13,000 per ton by the end of 2026 driven by energy transition demands [4] Group 4: Gold Market Divergence - There is a growing divergence in market consensus regarding gold, with strong bullish logic supported by ongoing central bank purchases, as 95% of surveyed central banks expect to continue increasing their gold holdings in the next 12 months [5][6] - However, cautious and bearish voices are emerging, with some investors believing that the best phase for gold has passed, citing recent sales by the Russian central bank as a warning sign [7] - The traditional pricing framework for gold, based on the dollar and real interest rates, is seen as "ineffective," with the pricing power shifting from Western ETF investors to global central banks and Asian private sectors [7][8] Group 5: Strategic Position of Gold - The strategic position of gold is being reassessed in light of the accelerating growth of U.S. debt and geopolitical events, prompting central banks and investors to seek asset diversification [8] - Gold is viewed as a decentralized "stateless currency," likely to continue attracting global attention amid the long-term strategic competition between major economies [8] - The non-ferrous metal sector is being redefined as a combination of cyclical and growth attributes, moving beyond its traditional classification as a purely cyclical industry [8]