运动减肥也可能“失灵”？权威Nature子刊深度解析

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a recent study published in Nature Communications that challenges the effectiveness of exercise as a weight loss strategy, particularly in the context of high-fat diets, highlighting potential negative impacts on heart health and lipid metabolism [6][7][11]. Group 1: Study Overview - The research involved dividing mice into normal diet (10% fat) and high-fat diet (60% fat) groups, further categorized into sedentary and various exercise intensity groups (low, medium, high) over an 8-week period [8]. - Mice in the exercise groups ran on a treadmill for 60 minutes, five days a week, at speeds of 6, 12, and 18 meters per minute [8]. Group 2: Effects of Exercise on Heart Health - Moderate-intensity exercise was found to exacerbate heart function impairment and pathological changes caused by high-fat diets, including decreased cardiac diastolic and systolic function, increased heart hypertrophy, and fibrosis [9]. - High-fat diet sedentary mice showed decreased exercise performance, and moderate-intensity exercise further reduced performance in high-fat diet mice, while normal diet mice showed little change [9]. Group 3: Lipid Metabolism Insights - Moderate-intensity exercise increased lipid accumulation in the hearts of high-fat diet mice, with elevated levels of triglycerides, diacylglycerols, ceramides, and cholesterol [10]. - The study indicated that moderate-intensity exercise led to a redistribution of circulating lipids from the liver and adipose tissue to the heart, increasing the presence of labeled fatty acids in the heart [10]. - Gene and protein expression analyses revealed that moderate-intensity exercise enhanced the expression of genes related to fatty acid uptake while reducing those related to fatty acid breakdown, leading to increased lipid accumulation and impaired heart function [10]. Group 4: Conclusion and Recommendations - The findings suggest that relying solely on exercise after high-fat meals may not be effective for weight management and could harm heart health [11]. - A balanced approach combining appropriate dietary choices with suitable exercise regimens is recommended for healthy weight loss [11].