GPT-5从零提出量子物理新想法，物理学家写成论文已登Physics Letters B

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a groundbreaking theoretical physics paper authored by Stephen Hsu, which is notable for being primarily conceived by AI, specifically GPT-5, marking a significant development in the collaboration between AI and human researchers [2][3]. Summary by Sections AI Contribution to Physics Research - Stephen Hsu's paper published in "Physics Letters B" explores whether quantum evolution is strictly linear, questioning the compatibility of nonlinear modifications with relativistic requirements [5][6]. - The paper concludes that most nonlinear modifications cannot coexist with relativity due to issues related to locality and foliation independence [6][9]. Methodology and Collaboration with AI - Hsu published a supplementary article detailing his collaboration with GPT-5, highlighting a pivotal moment when GPT-5 suggested using the Tomonaga-Schwinger framework to analyze the compatibility of nonlinear quantum mechanics with relativity [10]. - Hsu employed a "Generator-Verifier" method, where one AI model generates derivation steps while another verifies them, significantly reducing the likelihood of errors [12]. Challenges and Insights from AI Collaboration - Hsu candidly describes the challenges faced when collaborating with large language models (LLMs), noting that they can make simple computational errors and conceptually flawed leaps that may mislead researchers [13][14]. - He emphasizes that the errors made by AI are not always easy to detect, citing a specific instance where the model incorrectly suggested a method for proving conditions in nonlinear terms, which required substantial effort to identify and correct [16][17]. Future Prospects of Human-AI Collaboration - Hsu expresses optimism about the future of human-AI collaboration in formal sciences, predicting that mixed collaboration will become standard in fields like mathematics and physics as AI models improve in accuracy and contextual understanding [18].