孔乙己脱掉“长衫”就能行吗？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the structural challenges faced by the younger generation in the labor market, drawing parallels between contemporary issues and the classic film "Bicycle Thieves," emphasizing that hard work and moral choices often do not guarantee dignity or survival in a system that fails to provide basic support and upward mobility [4][5]. Group 1: Hidden Costs of Physical Labor - The narrative around "pragmatic employment" often overlooks the harsh realities of labor intensity, job security, and career prospects in so-called "practical jobs" [7]. - According to the National Bureau of Statistics, there are nearly 300 million migrant workers in China, with significant portions employed in manufacturing (18.3%), construction (14.6%), and retail (13.1%), facing long hours and inadequate social security [7]. - In the express delivery sector, data shows that frontline couriers work over 10 hours daily, with 58.7% lacking work injury insurance and 72.1% without housing fund contributions, while the average monthly income is around 4,800 yuan [7][8]. Group 2: Downward Pressure and Involution - The employment crisis for youth cannot be solely attributed to "attitudinal issues," as structural mismatches in the job market are a core problem, with traditional sectors like internet and real estate contracting [11][12]. - Emerging industries such as high-end manufacturing and AI require high skills but offer limited positions, while low-value service jobs lack stability and formal contracts, leading to increased competition among lower-tier workers [12][13]. - The influx of highly educated individuals into low-end labor markets does not enhance job quality but instead depresses wages and exacerbates social competition [13][14]. Group 3: Stigma of Lower Status Jobs - Despite individuals' willingness to abandon their educational status, societal biases against physical labor remain entrenched, leading to feelings of shame and self-denial among those in lower-status jobs [15][16]. - A survey indicates that only 23.1% of respondents believe that manual laborers receive equal social respect compared to white-collar workers, with this perception declining significantly among older demographics [16]. - The long-standing association of education with social status creates a challenging environment for those transitioning to lower-status jobs, as they face both economic and emotional burdens [17][18]. Group 4: Need for Systemic Change - The article argues that the tragedy of individuals like "Kong Yiji" is not isolated; it reflects a broader societal issue where individual struggles are often overlooked [21]. - Recent government initiatives aim to create high-quality jobs and improve labor rights, indicating a recognition of the need for systemic support rather than moral exhortations [22]. - The call for a society that allows individuals to maintain dignity regardless of their job status emphasizes the importance of creating pathways for all workers, ensuring that choices do not come at the cost of self-respect [22].