管涛：2025年我国国际收支口径跨境直接投资逆势向好｜国际

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent trends in China's cross-border direct investment, highlighting a shift from net outflows to net inflows in foreign direct investment, despite ongoing external pressures such as tariffs and trade protectionism [1][2]. Group 1: Investment Trends - In the first three quarters of 2023, China's net outflow of outward direct investment decreased year-on-year, while foreign direct investment shifted from net outflow to net inflow [1][2]. - The cross-border direct investment still shows a deficit, but the deficit amount has halved compared to the previous year, indicating an improvement in capital flow under direct investment [1][2]. - From 2021 to 2024, China's cross-border direct investment transitioned from a surplus to a deficit, with the deficit increasing by $319 billion [9]. Group 2: Factors Influencing Investment - The significant reduction in foreign direct investment inflows is attributed to a sharp decline in equity investment inflows and a reversal in inter-company debt flows [11][12]. - Equity investment inflows dropped from $300.6 billion to $72.8 billion between 2021 and 2024, contributing to 70% of the total decline in foreign direct investment inflows [11]. - The net outflow of equity investment remained stable, with a slight increase from $152.4 billion to $130 billion, indicating that the primary reason for the decrease in outward direct investment was the reduction in inter-company debt outflows [26]. Group 3: Government Response and Economic Outlook - The Chinese government has implemented measures to mitigate external shocks, including deepening reforms and expanding high-level opening-up policies [18][19]. - In response to external pressures, the government has introduced a foreign investment stabilization plan, focusing on easing foreign investment access and optimizing the business environment [19]. - The first three quarters of 2023 saw a 50.8% reduction in the cross-border direct investment deficit, primarily due to increased foreign direct investment inflows and decreased outward direct investment outflows [22].